Space Exploration History

Buzz Aldrin: Apollo 11 Lunar Module Pilot and Second Human on the Moon

Aldrin was the Lunar Module Pilot and second human to walk on the Moon during Apollo 11 in July 1969, supporting humanity’s first crewed lunar landing under NASA’s Moon land...

Mara Ellison
Buzz Aldrin: Apollo 11 Lunar Module Pilot and Second Human on the Moon

Key Mission Facts for Buzz Aldrin on Apollo 11

Aldrin was the Lunar Module Pilot and second human to walk on the Moon during Apollo 11 in July 1969, supporting humanity’s first crewed lunar landing under NASA’s Moon landing objective.

AttributeVerified DetailSource Type
Full NameEdwin Eugene Aldrin Jr.NASA Biographical Data
Role on Apollo 11Lunar Module Pilot (LM Pilot)Mission Assignment Documentation
Lunar EVA Date & DurationJuly 20–21, 1969; approximately 2 hours, 15 minutesMission Timeline Records
First Human to Walk on the MoonNeil ArmstrongMission Transcript
Second Human to Walk on the MoonBuzz AldrinMission Transcript
Lunar Module NameEagleMission Designation
Command Module NameColumbiaMission Designation
Launch VehicleSaturn V (SA-506)Launch Manifest
Launch DateJuly 16, 1969Launch Manifest
Splashdown DateJuly 24, 1969Mission Summary

Assignments and Training Path to Apollo 11

Selected as a NASA astronaut in 1963, Aldrin built on his Air Force pilot background and MIT doctoral work in orbital mechanics to qualify for Gemini and then Apollo missions. He flew as pilot of Gemini 12 in 1966, demonstrating that astronauts could perform productive work during long EVAs and rendezvous procedures critical for lunar missions.

Pre-flight Preparation and Simulations

Training for Apollo 11 emphasized geology, spacecraft systems, and contingency drills. Aldrin’s role as LM Pilot required detailed knowledge of descent procedures, backpack life support, and surface operations, ensuring he could support Commander Neil Armstrong during the first lunar landing if plans required crew reassignment.

Apollo 11 Mission Timeline and Aldrin’s Contributions

On July 16, 1969, the Saturn V lifted off from Kennedy Space Center. After entering lunar orbit, Armstrong and Aldrin entered the Lunar Module Eagle, separated from Columbia, and descended to the Moon’s surface on July 20. Aldrin monitored systems, communicated with Mission Control, and assisted with landmark recognition and checklist execution during the descent.

Lunar Surface Activities

After Eagle landed, Armstrong descended the ladder and confirmed the surface. Aldrin followed, and together they deployed experiments, collected samples, and documented the environment. The EVA established the foundation for later, longer surface operations and validated critical procedures for portable life support and tools under lunar conditions.

Technical and Operational Influence

Aldrin’s work on orbital mechanics and rendezvous techniques shaped Gemini and Apollo planning, while his ability to communicate complex procedures clearly influenced crew training standards. His post-NASA advocacy for space exploration and continued public engagement helped maintain public support for human spaceflight beyond Apollo.

Post-NASA Career and Public Life

After Apollo, Aldrin remained active in aerospace, serving in the Air Force, advancing engineering concepts, and pursuing outreach and education. He authored books, participated in documentaries, and engaged in public discourse on space policy, maintaining a visible presence in the space community.

Legacy and Historical Context

As Lunar Module Pilot on Apollo 11, Aldrin contributed to one of the most watched human achievements in history. His role in demonstrating surface operations, troubleshooting in-flight issues, and representing astronauts in media and policy shaped subsequent programs and long-term thinking about sustainable exploration.